The special placement on the hilly ridge between Valdichiana and Val d'Orcia has marked the history of the city of Montepulciano caratterizzandone even urban design. The small town of Montepulciano has about 15,000 inhabitants, of which one third in the capital and covers an area of 165 sq km, is the largest municipality in ten of the Valdichiana Siena. It rises on a hill 605 meters above sea level and it can sweep the valleys and areas of this town, the landscape is made even more enjoyable by the cultivation of olive trees and vineyards and the multi-faceted nature of the area as the hills cretose cypress and vertically that shape the landscape. From the Tower of the Palace of the Renaissance Municipality will see the Sibylline and Cimone and exceptionally clear as the Gran Sasso d'Abruzzo in Italy. From Montepulciano are within easy reach Val d'Orcia (Pienza, San Quirico, Bagno Vignoni), the Amiata, Umbria (Perugia, Assisi, Lake Trasimeno) and Lazio.

It was certainly inhabited since Etruscan times, but note with the name of Bishop Politianus only 715, it can be said that his organization town may become permanently not before the second half of the thirteenth century, matching territorial transformations due all'impaludamento of Valdichiana and its move westward communications: the core primary Montepulciano was right on the new road for the Val d'Orcia and Siena. This first phase of the plant citizen can be recognized at the City longer detectable current (ie its south), articulated mainly around emerging poles of the Rock and the Church of St. Maria (disappearance).

The wall circuit, which started from Rocca (Sasso), probably the enclosed area between Green-way street to Piè Sasso-via Cocci, and was closely following the same physical Poggio, properly cut and cleared to allow the residential settlements. But the growth of the center was especially important for the two powerful towns of Siena and Florence, which, through the possession of the city could in fact take control of the Valdichiana and Val d'Orcia. Indeed, Florence and Siena clashed several times for possession of Montepulciano, and in 1232 the Siena managed to seize the city after razed to the ground the walls. From this moment, and for about three centuries, the city enters alternately in orbit Siena or Florence, while consolidates inside, the presence of a high bourgeoisie merchant and a manufacturing and agricultural bourgeoisie, which based their wealth and power on trade and commerce. Around the middle of the thirteenth century, the city grows in derezione the hill of St. Francis, around the streets of Cagnano-Piè to Sasso, and along the trajectory of the current Via Cavour to the square of Herbs.